The explosive growth in wideband Internet access and the significant fall in prices have resulted in a real democratisation of the new information and communication technologies. The Internet offers to our societies the best and the worst, being an ideal medium for all types of incivility, delinquency, even criminal activity. With the increase in intelligent attacks and the dependence of our economies on these technologies, education alone is not enough. New technical solutions make possible security that is active and preventive; it is also more intrusive but respects basic individual liberties. The challenge for our societies is to gently prepare this change in doctrine.