The question of the Atlantic Alliance’s future is concentrating European and American minds before the next summit at Strasbourg-Kehl. France, which is radically changing its military position within NATO, must contribute to this conceptual task. Apart from the ideas which are emerging on a new Strategic Concept for the relaunch of NATO, there are more radical questions to be asked on the alliances and pitfalls which threaten these ideas, at a time when globalization is resulting in a diversified planet, one of a web of power relationships